Bottle-making machine



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S. L. SEARS BOTTLE MAKING MACHINE Original Fjled Aug. 14!7 1914 1'7 Sheets-Sheet l5 Aug. 7, 1928.

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v s. L. SEARS BOTTLE MAKING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 14, 1914 17 Sheets-Sheet 1'7 a TH lveniar Patented Aug. 7, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT ori-fics.,

SYDNEY L. SEARS, OF NORTH ARLINGTON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR, BY MESN AS? SIGNMENTS, T HARTFORD-EMPIRE COMPANY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, l.A l

CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

BOTTLE-MAKING MACHINE.

Original application iled August 14, 1914, Serial No. 857,464. Renewed September 21,. 1921, Serial No.

502,181. Divided and this application led February 1, 1924. Serial No. 689,995.

My invention relates to machines for making bottles in suitable molds,- chiefly by theA action of compressedair, and has for its object to p rovide a machine of this character Which will operate at a comparatively high rate of speed, which may be adaptedreadily to the manufacture of bottles of different sizes, and `which will subject the material (glass) to the several operations in proper succession, carrying the material automatically from one step or stage to the next. Other features of my. invention will be brought out in the description following hereinafter, and the novelty 'over the prior art will be pointed out in theappended claims. y

Before explaining in detail the specific example of my invention illustrated by the accompanying drawings, I will give a brief outline ofthe steps or stages by the succession of which the. original .shapeless body of glass, or so-called parison is gradually transformed into;a bottle of the desired shape. w

The body of glass, or parison,vis first brought into a blankl mold which at that time is in an inverted position, with a ieck into the parison to. produce a cavity therein.

AfterL this piercing rod has been 'retracted downward; the parison is kdiste'nded to a certain extent byblowing air .through the nipple into the cavit formed by said rod. Then the blank mold; with the neck Vmold retaining its position relatively thereto, is'

inverted so that the iieck'mold will be at-the.

top, and the blank mold is opened so that the partly-formed bottle will be suspended freely from the neck mold. `A blow mold. is then closed upon the partly-formed bottle,

and bythe action of compressed air the glass dy is expanded further until its' outer shape corresponds to the inner form of the blow mold. opens to release the neck. portionjof .the

Then the neck moldl bottle, and the blow mold, still closed, with A the bottle therein, is lowered'to. a position in which the bottle is finally released 'by the opening of ltheblow mold, so that the linishedbottle maybe removed.

Inthe accompanying drawings,

i; F ig.-3 is an elevation of a portion of .the

`machine; Fig. 4 is a partial planview of certain parts connected with the-blow mold mechanism; Fig. 5 is aplan view [showing certain mechanism for temporarily support`- ing the bottle, and parts adjacent to'sai'diy mechanism; Fig. 6 is a planA view, largely of a. diagrammatic character, .illustrating 'certain features in connection with themotion of the blank mold'carrier; Fig. '7 is a sectional elevation of certain parts taken Y Fig. l` is a plan -view of -a bottle-making machine embodying myinvention; Fig. 2 is a par-A tial cross section taken on line -24-2 of Fig.

in the same plane as Fig.`,2; Fig. 8 is a' side elevation, and Fig. 9 a.front elevation with.

parts in.section,showinga mechanism for 'blowing compressed air into the inverted blank mold, from above;Fig-. 9? is a partial'V .vertical sectiontof some of the parts shown in Fig. 9, but in `a' different position; Fig. 10 is a horizontal 4sectionv on line 10-10 of Fig. 9; Fig. llzis a horizontal section ,on line 11-11 of Fig. 12, the latter being a' side elevation of part of the mechanism for y operating the nip le, and F ig. 13 is a hori- 'zontal section on line 13-13 of Fig. 12; Fig.'

14 is a side elevation of part of thev mecha?) nism for operating the piercing rod; Fig.

is a side elevation, Fig. 16 a vertical section online ltr-16 of Fig. 15, and Fig-18 a top view of mechanism in connection with' a cam for controlling the admission of airfduring the initial expansion of the parison;

and Figs. 158,168', and 1 8, arecori'espond-.-J ing views of the cam mechanism for controlling'the admission of air 'during the final blowing; Fig. '17 `is a partial vertical section showing the blank mold and connec'ted mechanism; Fig. 19 is a detail side elevation of gearing for. turn-ing the headyl and. Fig. 2O is a faceview of a mutilated gear. forming part ofsaid gearing; Figs. 21

Y mechanism in two different and 22 are top' views of the blank mold mechanism, withv parts in section, showing the same in different positions; Fig. 23 is a vertical section showin particularly the mechanism for operating t e blow-mold bottom; Figs. 24 and 25 are plan views, with parts in section,l showing the blow-mold ositions; Fig. 26 is a vertical section on tlie line 26-26 of Fig. 27, and the latter is a face view of aJ cam collar, on the plane and in the direction indicated by the line 27-27 of Fig. 26, these parts co-operating with the swinging head; Figs. 28 to 32 inclusive are diagrammatic developed views of various stationary cams for operating certain parts of the machine; Fig. 33 is a top view of one of the blow-mold sections and connected parts; Fig. 34 shows the blank mold in end view, together with the adjacent parts, the head being shown in section, Figs. 35, 35, and 35" are vertical sectionsy of the blank mold and ad'iicent parts, illustrating the opera tions ta ng place in the blank-mold; Fig. 36 is a cross section on line 36-36 of Fig. 37, the latter being a longitudinal section of the nipple and adjacent parts; Fig. 38 is a side elevation illustrating the position of the parts duringthe blowing operation; Fig. 39 is a side elevation, with parts in section and others omitted, showing particularly the means co-operating with the swinging head to position and arrest it; Fig. 40 is a hori-` zontal section showin part of the' mechanism for turning and go 112 shown in Fig. 27, and Fig. 41 isa face Yview of a mutilated gear forming part of the mechanism for turning said cam collar;

a ipe 51), and to the upper art of the colliimn 50 is secured a hub 52 rom which extends outwardly a practically horizontal web 53 with a cylindrical vertical wall54 at its outer edge. Radial ribs 53 connect the hub 52, web 53, and outer wall 54. Ex-

teriorly of said wall are two superposed.

horizontal flanges or rings 55, 56, each provided with a cam groove composed of a larger portion 55 and 56 respectively concentric with the axis a of the column 50 (Fig. 2 and of a smaller portion 55" and 56 (Fig. 47 respectively curved according to the arc o a circle whose center or axis b' is at a greater distance fromy the axis a than the main ortions 55 and 56 of said cam grooves. hus the cam groove portions 55 and 56 are convex when Viewed from the outside, while the cam groove portions 55" and 56 are concave when Viewed in the same way (Figs. land 47). The cam por- 'tion 55 is directly above the cam portion 56,

cking the cam collar Fig. 42 is a` top view of part of the mecha-V nismfor producing a peculiar novel move'- inentof the carriage; Fig. 43 is a correspond ing side elevation; Fig. 44 is a vertical section taken on line 44-44 of Fig. 43; Fig. 45 is a detail'vertical section showin certain feahires of the parts ap earing at t e lower right-hand corner of Fp front elevation, with parts broken off and others in section, showing detail-s of the mechanism for arrestin and locking the swinging head; Fig. 46 is a vertical section on line 46*-46 of Fig. 46; Fig. 46h is a detail elevation showing the swinging head in engagement with its locking mechanism; Fig. 47 is a vertical section of the upper art of the frame with the carriage guides; ig. 48 is a. face view, and Fi 48 a side elevation, of a stationary cam or restoring to its 1g. 17; Fig. 46 is ay normal position, the lever which controls the as to serve as a reservoir for compressed air' supplied from any suitable source, as through from the pivot. 63. `T

and the same thing is true with reference to the cam portions 55" and 56, that is to say, the points at which the cam portion 55 joins the cam portion 55, are exactly in line, vertically, with the points where tlie cam portion 56-joins the cam portion 56". All the parts described so far are stationary. The portion of the frame on which the concave cam portions55, 56" are provided, is preferably a separate piece from the portion gtllitaining the convex cam portions 55 and The emga for the blank waz ma mais mold.

T he cam grooves 55', 55 and 56 56 form tracksgfor rollers 57, 58 arranged in superposed pairs (Fig. 2) and mounted to turn about vertical studs 57 and 58 respectively, the studs of superposed rollers being in vertical alinement;\ These studs are secured to a .carriage 59; the machine shown has eight such carriages, all alike, so" that it will suffice toy describe one of them and its connections inv detail. These carriages are spaced'from each other evenly, that is to say, 45 apart in the machine shown. Each carriage 59 (see Figs. 2 and 7) is formed with a circular bottom flange 59 and bearing disk 59'. capable of turning about its own vertical axis c, in a cylindrical box or socket 60 provided with a removable retaining ring 60 and containing a bearing disk 60 adjacent to the disk 59, to form a step bearing in conjunction with balls 61 engagin both disks. The box 60 is rigid or integra with a latlJ 60* pivoted at 63 about a veitical axis d (Figs. 42 to 44) to a plate 62 on which tlie late 60* rests, and preferably a flange 64 curved with the axis d for its Center) is secured to the plate 62, t0 guide the plate 60* at the portion farthest away e plate 62 is provided havin' Yon the lower end is rotatably mounted a with 1a cylindrical downward extension62 a cylindrical bottom fiange 62 capab e of turning about its own vertical axise, in a cylindrical box or socket 65 provided with a removable retaining ring '65 and containing a bearingwasher .65. made of copper or other suitable anti-friction material. The late 62 has a vertical pin 62*, extending tllirough it, said pin having a threaded upper end to receive a nut 66, while roller 67 traveling in -a cam groove 68, 68 in a guide 69 secured to the'column 50 (Fig. 6). The cam groove portions 68, 68 correspond in location to the cam groove portions 55', 56 and 55, 56 respectively; the cam groove portion 68 forms an arc of a circle with the axis a as a center. The reentrant portion 68 may be considerably wider than the roller 67, exce t at oneend, where as shown in Figs. 1 an 6, the groove has the same width as`the circular arc portin 68, so as to guide the roller 67 on both s1 es.

The box 65 is rigid or integral with a table or carrier mounted to turn about the axis a of the column 50 and comprising an annular member 70A journaled on the lower ortion of the ,said column (which is suitably lubricated), and a series-of sectors 71 (eight in this case) rigidly secured to said annular member (Figs. 1 and 2). The carrier is supported by radial' rollers 72 journaled in stationary bearings 7 B and engaging a ring 74 at thebottom of the carrier. To this annular member 70 of the carrier is also secured a ring 75 provided with bevel teeth in .mesh with those of a bevel wheel 76 which The swaying ma Gaming me braak moza and mack mold.

On each of the carriages 59 (Figs. 2 and 7) is mounted to turn about a horizontal axis f, a head 80 provided with a horizontal journal 80 rotating in an externally tapered bushing 81 held rigidly ina suitable cavity of the carriage 59, by a screw ca 82. A bevel pinionv 83 is held to rotate with the head 80, being secured'to the journal 80', as by a nut I. 84 adapted to screw on a threaded portion ofA the journal and to press the said -pinion against a shoulder 80 on the journal. The

' pinion 8,3,.,is ,in mesh with a bevelypinion 83 mounted on a shaft 83'.' disposed at an angle [to the journal 80(Fig. 19) and 4journaled in a bearing 83* secured to .the carriage 59. To this shaft 83" is also secured a mutilated bevel wheel 83 adapted to be engaged and rotated at certain points or stages, by

stationary lrack portions referred to hereinafter.

The mais mold.

shown in Fig. 17 may be slightly to onex slide of theaXis f, and this support is provided with'two lugs 85 through which ex'- tendv parallel rods-86 secured rigidly to said lugs. On the portions of said' rods which project on opposite sides of the lugs are mounted to slide rectilinearl carriers 87, to 'each of which is secured rigidly a neck mold'sectionr88. Each of these sections is semi-circular in end view (Figs. 22 and 34), and one of them is -preferably provided withv longitudinal grooves 88 to receive corresponding ribs 88 on the.

other section, as 'to secure a close fit: and a tight joint in the closed position. At its outer ortion, each neck mold carrier 87 has a per orated' projection 87 for connecting it. pivotally with the 'outer end of an armA 89 fulcrumed dn the support 85 at 89. The

carrier 87 is pressed toward its companion by a spring 90 one end of whichv engages the arm 89, while the other end bears against an adjustable screw V91 working in a bracket 92secur'ed to the support 85. Byfturning two neck mold i this screw 91, the tension of the spring 90 may be adjusted. Each arm 89 also carries a roller 93 adapted to be engaged by a cam 94 secured to' a rock shaft95 'ournaled in .The blank maar. Q i To the shafts 95 are also lsecured rigidly arms 96 (Figs. 2, 17,I 21 and 22) each of which, at its forked outer end, hasa blank mold. section 97 pivoted thereto at 98, and

. a spring 99 (whose tension may be regulated by turning aI screw 100) tends to swing each section 97 on its movement is only sight, being limited by a pin 101 carried by one ofthe arts (say, the

lank mold section.) and a slbt 102 on the other part (say, thel arm 96). The blank mold sections may be formed with ribs 97( and corresponding grooves 97", in the same way as described for the neck mold sections. The neck mold carriers 87'are formed with lips 8 adapted for dovetail engagement w1th corresponding rojections 97` on the blank mold sections (llfigs. 17 and 35). The

axis gl'ofgthe closed blank mold and necki mold is perpendicular to the axis f about `which the head 80 swings, and parallel to the shafts 95, fulcrums 89', and pivots 98. The distance from said mold axis g to the axes of the rollers 57, 58, should be equal to, or approximate very closely, the mean ivot 98. `This pivotal 

